{"title":"Digital Downloads","description":"Printable STL figures for the tabletop — organized by faction.","products":[{"product_id":"anglo-scots-billmen-stls","title":"Anglo-Scots Billmen STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these Anglo-Scots Billmen\u003c\/span\u003e are intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set 3D models comes with two poses and four variations of each. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBillmen were a mainstay of Late Medieval armies in western Europe, and particularly the British Isles. This was largely due to the relative affordability and ease of equipping and training a group of men in their use. Indeed, the bill was originally an agricultural tool that many men would likely own and be familiar with. Agricultural bills consisted of a rounded blade mounted to a pole, used to cut tree limbs. Military bills accentuated the rounded blade into a hook, excellent for dragging a man off a horse, and added a stabbing blade which gave it the properties of a spear as well. Later versions added a spike horizontal to the pole which could be used to puncture armor with a downward swing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eParticularly wealthy lords might keep on some of the more skilled billmen as retainers, but the majority were levies, called up in time of war to serve for a specific campaign. This was a common way for a lord to fulfill their feudal requirements after mustering as many archers as they could. Billmen featured prominently in the Wars of the Roses, the Anglo-Scottish Wars of the 15th-16th Centuries, as well as many other smaller conflicts in the period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50548255424817,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Billmen","price":12.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/Anglo-ScottishBillmancopy.png?v=1736319930"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-foot-command-stls","title":"Anglo-Scots Foot Command STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, this Anglo-Scots Foot Command set is intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set of four 3D models comes with a commander with a halberd and a Gallowglass commander, dismounted drummer and a standard bearer. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 15th and 16th centuries were a tumultuous period in the history of the British Isles. The Anglo-Scottish wars, Border Reivers, and internal conflicts provided a rich tapestry of military action. Key battles like Flodden (1513) and Pinkie Cleugh (1547) pitted The Scottish against The English forces in decisive encounters that would shape the destinies of both nations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotable English Commanders:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHenry V:\u003c\/strong\u003e Known primarily for his campaigns in France, particularly the Battle of Agincourt, Henry V also had to contend with the Scots, who traditionally sought to take advantage of English preoccupation with France.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThomas Howard, Earl of Surrey:\u003c\/strong\u003e Led English forces to victory in the Battle of Flodden in 1513, where James IV of Scotland was killed.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdward Seymour, Duke of Somerset:\u003c\/strong\u003e A key commander in the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh in 1547, part of the \"Rough Wooing\" campaign meant to force a marriage alliance between England and Scotland.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLord Hertford (later Duke of Somerset):\u003c\/strong\u003e Involved in burning Edinburgh in 1544, another episode of the \"Rough Wooing.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotable Scottish Commanders:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArchibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas:\u003c\/strong\u003e Known as Tyneman ('loser'), he was a key figure in the Scottish nobility during the 15th century and played a role in Anglo-Scottish warfare. He was killed at the Battle of Verneuil in 1424, fighting alongside the French against the English.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJames II of Scotland:\u003c\/strong\u003e Known for his attempts to neutralize powerful nobles and establish a strong monarchy. He also laid siege to Roxburgh Castle in 1460 but was killed when a cannon exploded near him.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlexander Stewart, Earl of Mar:\u003c\/strong\u003e Led Scots in the victory at the Battle of Harlaw in 1411 against Donald of Islay, Lord of the Isles.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJames IV of Scotland:\u003c\/strong\u003e A Renaissance monarch with a keen interest in warfare, especially artillery. He led an invasion into England but was defeated and killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJames V of Scotland:\u003c\/strong\u003e Like his father, he also sought to assert Scottish independence and was involved in various campaigns against England, though often with limited success.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArchibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus:\u003c\/strong\u003e Involved in the Battle of Solway Moss, where the Scots were defeated by the English in 1542.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJohn Stewart, Earl of Lennox:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fought in the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh in 1547, another defeat for the Scots but where he distinguished himself for his bravery.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeorge Gordon, 4th Earl of Huntly:\u003c\/strong\u003e A powerful noble in the north-east of Scotland, involved in internal and border conflicts.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWilliam Kirkcaldy of Grange:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fought in the Battles of St. Quentin and Gravelines as a young mercenary on the Continent, later played a role in the Scottish Reformation and was a key defender of Edinburgh Castle.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAndrew de Moray:\u003c\/strong\u003e Although more famous for his role in the earlier Wars of Scottish Independence, the Moray family remained significant in Scottish military and political life into the 16th century.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Leslie, Lord Newark:\u003c\/strong\u003e A cavalry officer who played a significant role during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, notably at the Battle of Philiphaugh.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlexander MacDonald, Lord of the Isles:\u003c\/strong\u003e Though technically from the late 14th to early 15th century, the Lordship remained a military power into the 16th century. They were often involved in conflicts against the Scottish crown or as mercenaries in Irish wars.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50548256014641,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Foot_Command","price":16.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/CG00.png?v=1736320080"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-gallowglass-stl","title":"Anglo-Scots Gallowglass STL","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these \u003c\/span\u003eAnglo-Scots Gallowglass \u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eare intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set of 3D models comes in six variations of 3 poses. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOriginally a term applied to the Norse-Gaelic clans of Scotland, Gallowglass came to encompass the Norse-Gaelic clans of Ireland as well, with whom the Scots shared a common language and culture. The Norse clans that intermarried with the Western Scots and Northern Irish continued their military tradition of heavily armored, trained and disciplined infantry. From the 13th Century through the late 16th Century Gallowglasses gained a reputation as elite mercenaries.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA Gallowglass was usually armed with a two handed weapon of one kind or another. In the 13th century one author noted their use of Norse-style axes, while later they were described as using a broadsword or Claymore. A Gallowglass traditionally wore an iron helmet and a mail shirt over a padded jacket.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuitable for conflicts taking place in the 15th and 16th centuries, these miniatures could find themselves in a large number of armies. As highly respected and sought after mercenaries, Gallowglasses served not only in Ireland and Scotland, but also on the European mainland. Gallowglasses are known to have served in French, Dutch, Swiss and Swedish armies during this period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50548257423665,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Gallowglass","price":9.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/Gallowglass00.png?v=1736320239"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-heavy-cavalry-stls","title":"Anglo-Scots Heavy Cavalry STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, this Anglo-Scots Heavy Cavalry set is intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set of six 3D models comes with six variations of three poses. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGalloping through the annals of history, we bring you a masterfully crafted 3D printable STL file featuring the 15th-16th century Anglo-Scottish Heavy Cavalry. This design captures the power, prestige, and tactical brilliance of the mounted knights who played pivotal roles in the centuries-long skirmishes between England and Scotland. Perfect for educators, wargamers, and historical enthusiasts alike.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe turbulent 15th and 16th centuries saw the Anglo-Scottish borders painted with strategies and betrayals. Heavy cavalry units became essential to the war machine during this period. These heavily armored knights, astride massive warhorses and equipped with lances, swords, and occasionally early firearms, became symbols of military might and noble power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey battles, such as Flodden (1513) and Pinkie Cleugh (1547), bore witness to the thunderous charges of these cavalry units, turning the tide of engagements and carving their legacy into the pages of history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout the recurring wars, the heavy cavalry's primary tactic was the shock charge, utilizing their weight and momentum to break enemy lines and scatter lighter infantry. In battles, they would often be deployed on the flanks to protect against enemy cavalry or to perform flanking maneuvers against enemy formations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir presence was felt not only in the Anglo-Scottish wars but also in larger conflicts like the Wars of the Roses, where Scottish mercenaries and allies often took part. Their influence even reached the European continent, where Scottish and English knights served in various capacities in the larger European wars.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50548259127601,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Heavy_Cavalry","price":12.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/Knightcopy.png?v=1736320417"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-heavy-infantry-stl","title":"Anglo-Scots Heavy Infantry STL","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these \u003c\/span\u003eAnglo-Scots Heavy Infantry \u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eare intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set of eight 3D models comes in eight variations of 3 poses. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 15th and 16th centuries marked an era of strife and territorial ambition between England and Scotland. Battles such as Flodden (1513) and Pinkie Cleugh (1547) punctuated the ongoing power struggles. The heavy infantry were the backbone of the armies during this period, often determining the outcome of these key confrontations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese soldiers were typically equipped with armor, including chain mail and plate armor, and armed with a variety of weapons, from the deadly billhook and halberd to the trusty longsword. Their primary role was to hold the line, break enemy formations, and provide a steadfast bulwark against cavalry and lighter infantry units.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout the various wars and skirmishes, the heavy infantry utilized a range of tactics. The famous 'Schiltron' formation, a dense circle or square of spears and pikes, proved formidable against cavalry charges. The 'hedgehog' formation, often used at Flodden, showcased the infantry's defensive prowess.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese heavy infantry units would have seen action in various campaigns, from the Wars of the Roses (where Scottish mercenaries often played a role) to the conflicts during the Tudor conquest of Scotland, often referred to as the \"Rough Wooing.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50549043986737,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Heavy_Infantry","price":12.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/Foot_Knights_copy_add0ebac-e7f4-4df2-b48c-e1fa8b6f9a44.png?v=1736345177"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-kern-stls","title":"Anglo-Scots Kern STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these Anglo-Scots Kern \u003c\/span\u003eare intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set six 3D models comes in two poses with three variations of each, as well as a variety of bow, javelin and hand weapon options. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the ever-changing military landscape of the 15th and 16th centuries, the Kern stood out as a vital component of the Anglo-Scottish warfare dynamics. Often recognized by their distinctive attire, these light infantrymen were primarily recruited from the Gaelic-speaking regions of Ireland and the Scottish Highlands.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmidst the backdrop of the continued struggle for dominance between England and Scotland, battles like Flodden (1513) and Pinkie Cleugh (1547) echoed with the fervor of these skirmishing troops. Their agility, tenacity, and intimate knowledge of the local terrain made them invaluable assets on the battlefield.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Kerns excelled in hit-and-run tactics, guerrilla warfare, and ambushes. Lightly armed, often with javelins, bows, and small shields, they were adept at navigating the rugged landscapes of the Highlands and other terrains, often surprising enemies with swift flanking maneuvers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeyond the conventional Anglo-Scottish wars, the Kerns also played roles in the Wars of the Roses and the Rough Wooing, among other regional conflicts. Their unique style of combat often acted as a counterbalance to the heavy infantry and cavalry, exploiting vulnerabilities and sowing chaos in enemy ranks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50549052408113,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Kern","price":9.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/Kerncopy.png?v=1736345450"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-longbowmen-stl","title":"Anglo-Scots Longbowmen STL","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these \u003c\/span\u003eAnglo-Scots Longbowmen \u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eare intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set of six 3D models comes in six variations of 3 poses. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe longbow, a potent weapon famed for its range and lethal impact, was a mainstay on both the English and Scottish sides during their numerous conflicts. The longbowman played pivotal roles in shaping the outcomes of battles, with the Battle of Flodden (1513) being a testament to their strategic importance. Their presence on the battlefield and their devastating volleys have cemented their place in history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe longbow's primary advantage lay in its ability to release a rapid succession of arrows, which could pierce even plate armor at certain ranges. Often deployed in formations, longbowmen would rain arrows upon the enemy before the main lines clashed, disrupting formations and sowing chaos. Their extensive training allowed them to shoot with accuracy, making them especially deadly against cavalry and infantry units alike.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese bowmen played significant roles not only in the Anglo-Scottish wars but were also instrumental during the Wars of the Roses. Their influence was felt beyond the British Isles, as the English longbowmen were even sought after in various continental European conflicts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50549058502961,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Longbowmen","price":9.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/test_823x_e51f83c9-2991-4a2a-880b-1f19202d0b1d.webp?v=1736345651"},{"product_id":"anglo-scots-pikemen-and-halberdiers-stls","title":"Anglo-Scots Pikemen and Halberdiers STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these Anglo-Scots Pikemen and Halberdiers \u003c\/span\u003eare intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries. This set 3D models comes in two poses with four variations of each, as well as pike and halberd options. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 15th and 16th centuries were turbulent times for the British Isles, marked by ongoing conflicts, territorial disputes, and evolving military tactics. The Anglo-Scottish wars, including notable battles such as Flodden (1513) and Solway Moss (1542), were defining moments where pikemen and halberdiers were often at the forefront. These infantrymen were armed with long pikes or halberds and were crucial in both offensive and defensive formations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePikemen would form the infamous 'Schiltron,' a circular or square formation bristling with pikes, offering a formidable defense against cavalry. Halberdiers, on the other hand, were often used to break enemy lines and combat heavily armored soldiers. They also served as bodyguards for nobles and officers on the battlefield. Their halberds—a weapon combining an axe blade for chopping, a point for thrusting, and a hook for pulling—were versatile and deadly.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50549061812529,"sku":"DIGITAL_Anglo-Scots_Pikemen","price":12.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/Pike_copy_823x_e49cac21-1ffa-4bff-8917-1e36abe8ec4a.webp?v=1736345757"},{"product_id":"artillery-pieces-stls","title":"Artillery Pieces STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. They \u003cstrong\u003eARE NOT\u003c\/strong\u003e physical miniatures!\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSculpted by the incomparable Erramir Orlan of Peculiar Companions, these  Artillery Pieces are intended for armies from the 15th and 16th Centuries.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSet contains:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBolt Thrower - Unassembled\/Unsupported\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCulvern (Cannon) - Unassembled\/Unsupported\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrgan Gun - Assembled\/Unsupported\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVolley Gun - Assembled\/Unsupported\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwivel Gun - Unassembled\/Unsupported\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3x3 Volley Gun - Assembled\/Unsupported\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 15th and 16th centuries were marked by significant historical events, including the Age of Exploration, colonial expansion, and conflicts that reshaped the world. 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Their mobility and ability to harass the enemy were essential in the success of the siege.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHistorical Events:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCossack Uprising of 1648-1654:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eAlthough slightly later in history, this event is significant for understanding the enduring influence of the Cossacks. The Cossack Uprising marked a major rebellion against Polish rule and marked the Cossacks' struggle for independence and recognition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExploration and Expansion:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eRussian Mounted Cossacks were often at the forefront of Russia's expansion into new territories during the 15th and 16th centuries. 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Ivan's reign saw significant military reforms and modernization.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlexander Nevsky:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eA revered military leader from the 13th century whose legacy influenced the strategies and tactics of later Russian military figures. His leadership during the Battle on the Ice against the Teutonic Knights remains legendary.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDmitri Donskoy:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDmitri Donskoy played a pivotal role in Russian history by leading the Russian forces to a crucial victory over the Mongols at the Battle of Kulikovo in 1380, marking the beginning of the decline of Mongol rule in Russia.\u003cbr\u003eNotable Battles Fought During this Time Period:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBattle of Kulikovo (1380):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eLed by Dmitri Donskoy, this battle marked a significant turning point in Russian history as it was a victorious stand against the Mongol invaders, symbolizing a resurgence of Russian power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSiege of Kazan (1552):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eUnder the command of Ivan the Terrible, Russian forces besieged and captured the city of Kazan, expanding the Russian Empire's influence in the Volga region.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBattle of Molodi (1572):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eRussian forces, including those led by Ivan the Terrible, fought against the Crimean Tatars in a decisive battle that showcased their military prowess.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50549263761713,"sku":"DIGITAL_Russian_Personalities","price":6.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/ivan00_823x_82fa4231-e202-4079-ac97-842e5dce9baf.webp?v=1736353150"},{"product_id":"german-arquebusiers-stls","title":"German Arquebusiers STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. 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The German Arquebusier played a pivotal role during this period of military innovation, territorial disputes, and shifting tactics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBattles and Wars:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eItalian Wars (1494-1559):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe German Landsknechts, including Arquebusiers, were frequently employed as mercenaries during the Italian Wars. They participated in battles such as the Battle of Pavia (1525), where firearms played a crucial role in the outcome.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReformation and Religious Wars:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe Reformation and subsequent religious conflicts in Europe, such as the Schmalkaldic War (1546-1547), saw the use of firearms and Arquebusiers as religious and political factions clashed.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTactics and Strategies:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe German Arquebusiers were renowned for their precision and firepower on the battlefield. Their tactics involved:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirearms Proficiency:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eArquebusiers were skilled in operating early firearms like the arquebus. They provided long-range fire support, disrupting enemy formations and causing casualties.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCombined Arms:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThese marksmen often worked in conjunction with traditional infantry, cavalry, and artillery units, forming a balanced and effective fighting force.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSiege Warfare:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eWhile primarily marksmen, Arquebusiers also participated in siege warfare, assisting in the capture of enemy fortifications and city walls.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. Prints at 105% are slightly more in scale with Perry Miniatures and 110% prints will be in a compatible scale with Warhammer Fantasy miniatures.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ludus Bellum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50549268840753,"sku":"DIGITAL_German_Arquebusiers","price":9.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0913\/0662\/3281\/files\/arq00_823x_5a74f11d-5410-4269-821c-aa0f614366fb.webp?v=1736353202"},{"product_id":"german-pikemen-and-halberdiers-stls","title":"German Pikemen and Halberdiers STLs","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThese are \u003cstrong\u003eDIGITAL \u003c\/strong\u003efiles meant for 3D printing. 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The German Pikeman and Halberdiers played a pivotal role during this period of territorial disputes, political upheaval, and military innovation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBattles and Wars:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eItalian Wars (1494-1559):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe German Landsknechts, including Pikemen and Halberdiers, were frequently employed as mercenaries during the Italian Wars. They participated in battles such as the Battle of Pavia (1525).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReformation and Religious Wars:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe Reformation and subsequent religious conflicts in Europe, such as the Schmalkaldic War (1546-1547), saw the use of infantry, including Pikemen and Halberdiers, as religious and political factions clashed.\u003cbr\u003eTactics and Strategies: The German Pikeman and Halberdiers were renowned for their disciplined formations and battlefield effectiveness. Their tactics involved:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePike Formation:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ePikemen formed tight formations with long pikes to create a formidable defensive barrier. 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This set of 3D models comes in 3 poses. All models are supplied supported and unsupported.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the transitional phase of the 15th and 16th centuries, the European battlefield was undergoing significant changes, most notably due to the advent and refinement of firearms. The German Cuirassiers emerged as a response to these evolving threats, named for their prominent and nearly all-encompassing \"cuirass\" or armor. Representing the evolution of the medieval knight, these heavy cavalrymen combined the protection of plate armor with the mobility of mounted troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGerman Cuirassiers were renowned for their shock and melee tactics. Clad in their heavy armor and often equipped with longswords, maces, and later, pistols, they charged enemy lines with devastating effect. 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This set of 3D models includes three poses. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs the Late Middle Ages transitioned into the Renaissance, the battlefield saw the evolution of the traditional knight into various forms of cavalry. Among these was the demilancer, a response to the rapidly changing face of warfare. While not as heavily armored as the full-fledged lancer, the German demilancer bore considerable protection, notably half-plate armor, and was more versatile in combat, making him a formidable component of the Germanic states' military forces.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDemilancers, often equipped with a lance, sword, and sometimes firearms, occupied a middle ground between the heavy shock cavalry and lighter, more mobile units. Their tactic was a balanced approach: they could engage in the traditional shock charge or skirmish and pursue lighter troops, making them versatile assets on the field.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir influence was felt in a variety of conflicts throughout the 15th and 16th centuries. From internal disputes within the Holy Roman Empire to external campaigns like the Italian Wars, the demilancers proved their mettle in battles such as the Battle of Pavia (1525) and the various engagements of the Swabian and Schmalkaldic Wars.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. 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Their presence and tactics evolved in response to the changing face of warfare, particularly with the introduction of gunpowder weaponry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primary tactic of the heavy cavalry was the shock charge. Utilizing the weight and momentum of both rider and steed, they aimed to smash through enemy lines, causing disarray and paving the way for infantry engagements. These knights often carried a combination of lances, swords, and, in the later part of this period, early firearms or pistols.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir prowess was showcased in numerous battles and campaigns, from the internal conflicts within the Holy Roman Empire to the larger scale Italian Wars against France. They were pivotal in engagements such as the Battle of Fornovo (1495) and played roles in the Swabian War, the Schmalkaldic War, and numerous other skirmishes and sieges.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. 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Their unique skill set made them instrumental in the numerous battles, skirmishes, and sieges that peppered the European landscape during\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMounted crossbowmen were primarily used for hit-and-run tactics and reconnaissance. Their mobility allowed them to harass enemy flanks, disrupt formations with volleys of bolts, and then retreat before any retaliatory charge. In sieges, they could patrol and monitor long stretches of walls or fortifications, keeping besieging forces at bay with their ranged attacks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir prowess was notably demonstrated during the various internal and external conflicts of the Holy Roman Empire, such as the Swabian War and the numerous campaigns during the Italian Wars. Their presence was also felt in the larger continental struggles, as German mercenary groups, including these crossbowmen, were highly sought after.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. 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While initially renowned for their wheel-lock pistols, the evolution of warfare saw some Reiters equip themselves with carbines - longer-barreled firearms offering better range and accuracy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 15th and 16th centuries, the German states, fragmented within the Holy Roman Empire, frequently sought the skills of these versatile cavalrymen. Their unique combination of armor, mobility, and firearms made them a valuable asset on the tumultuous battlefields of Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eArmed with carbines, Reiters often engaged in skirmishing, using the longer range of their firearms to harass and disrupt enemy formations before the main lines clashed. Unlike their pistol-wielding counterparts, who employed the \"caracole\" tactic, carbine-armed Reiters could deal damage from a safer distance, thus adding a layer of tactical depth to the battlefield.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheir prowess was notably displayed during the various conflicts of the Holy Roman Empire, including the Schmalkaldic War. Beyond German borders, their services were in demand during the Italian Wars, the Eighty Years' War, and the French Wars of Religion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. 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The 3D models in this set come in two poses, each with three variations. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Reiters, also known as \"Schwarze Reiter\" (Black Riders) due to their dark armor, emerged in the mid-15th century as firearm technology began to reshape European battlefields. These German mercenaries, notable for their adoption of multiple wheel-lock pistols, represented a significant shift from the traditional lance-armed cavalry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the 16th century, amidst the backdrop of religious and political upheavals, the Reiters became a sought-after mercenary force across Europe, primarily serving within the Holy Roman Empire but also sought by various European powers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReiters introduced a tactic that would come to be known as the \"caracole\": a method of attack wherein the riders would approach the enemy line, discharge their pistols, and then retreat to reload, allowing the next line to move forward and fire. 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The 3D models in this set come in two poses, each with three variations. All models come as both pre-supported and unsupported STL files.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the 15th and 16th centuries, the battlegrounds of Europe witnessed the rise of the German mercenaries, known as the Landsknechte. Among them, the Doppelsöldner – soldiers of exceptional bravery – carried the massive Zweihänder, a two-handed sword that became a symbol of their prowess and the devastating power of German martial tradition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Landsknechte were a force to be reckoned with, often serving various European powers due to their reputation for discipline and effectiveness in battle. Their vibrant, slashed clothing and the massive blades they wielded set them apart on the battlefield.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Zweihänder was employed to break enemy pike formations, its vast length and weight allowing soldiers to sweep aside or even break the opposing side's weapons. Often leading the charge, these Doppelsöldner would create openings for the pikemen following closely behind.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout the late 15th and 16th centuries, these German mercenaries were involved in numerous conflicts, most notably the Italian Wars, where they played pivotal roles in battles such as Marignano (1515) and Pavia (1525). The Habsburg-Valois rivalry that underpinned these wars often saw the Landsknechte pitted against the Swiss pikemen, another formidable infantry force of the time.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrinting at 100% resolution will yield a true 28mm miniature. 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